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Substations & Switchgear

Video Industry & Employability

Substations & Switchgear

  1. Substation:- A substation is a part of the electrical power system where voltage levels are changed, power is controlled, and the system is protected. It acts as a link between generation, transmission, and distribution.
    • Main Functions
      • Step-up voltage for transmission
      • Step-down voltage for distribution
      • Control power flow
      • Protect system from faults
    • Main Components
      • Power Transformers
      • Circuit Breakers
      • Isolators
      • Busbars
      • Current Transformer (CT)
      • Potential Transformer (PT)
      • Lightning Arresters
    • Types of Substations
      • Generating Substation
      • Transmission Substation
      • Distribution Substation
      • Indoor / Outdoor Substation
  2. Switchgear:- Switchgear is an assembly of electrical devices used to switch ON/OFF, control, and protect electrical equipment and circuits.
    • Main Functions
      • Switching electrical circuits
      • Protection during fault conditions
      • Isolation for maintenance
      • Control and monitoring
    • Main Components
      • Circuit Breakers (MCB, MCCB, ACB, VCB, SF₆ CB)
      • Fuses
      • Isolators
      • Relays
      • Control Panels
  • Types of Switchgear
    • Low Voltage (LV) Switchgear
    • Medium Voltage (MV) Switchgear
    • High Voltage (HV) Switchgear

Difference Between Substation & Switchgear

SubstationSwitchgear
Changes voltage levelSwitches & protects circuits
Handles power transmission & distributionHandles control & protection
Includes transformersIncludes breakers, relays, fuses
Large area installationCompact panel-based system

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