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Metrology & Quality Control

Video Module 2: Manufacturing & Materials

Metrology & Quality Control

Metrology: Using the Vernier Calipers & Micrometer Screw Gauge | Department ... Metrology is the science of measurement. In mechanical engineering, it ensures that components are manufactured with accurate dimensions, tolerances, and fits.

Objectives of Metrology
- Ensure accuracy and precision in measurements
- Maintain interchangeability of parts
- Reduce manufacturing errors
- Standardize measurements
Types of Measurement
- Linear Measurement – length, diameter, thickness
- Angular Measurement – angles, tapers
- Comparative Measurement – comparison with standard values
Common Measuring Instruments
- Vernier Caliper
- Micrometer (Outside, Inside, Depth)
- Dial Indicator
- Slip Gauges (Gauge Blocks)
- Height Gauge
- Surface Roughness Tester
Key Terms
- Accuracy – closeness to true value
- Precision – repeatability of measurement
- Tolerance – permissible variation in size
- Least Count – smallest measurable value

Quality Control (QC): Types of Control Charts

Quality Control is the process of maintaining and improving product quality by inspecting and testing products during and after manufacturing.

Objectives of Quality Control
- Produce defect-free products
- Maintain customer satisfaction
- Reduce waste and rework
- Ensure compliance with standards
Stages of Quality Control
- Incoming Inspection – raw materials
- In-process Inspection – during manufacturing
- Final Inspection – finished product
Methods of Quality Control
- Inspection (Visual, dimensional, functional)
- Statistical Quality Control (SQC)
  1. Control Charts
  2. Sampling Techniques
- Process Control
- Acceptance Sampling

Difference Between Metrology & Quality Control:

Aspect	Metrology	Quality Control
Meaning	Science of measurement	System to maintain quality
Focus	Accuracy of measurement	Defect prevention
Tools	Measuring instruments	Inspection & statistical tools
Stage	Design & production	Production & post-production